フェミニズムの行方 －ジェイン・オースティン、シャーロット・ブロンテと近代中国女性作家たち [全文の要約]

関西大

フェミニズムの行方 －ジェイン・オースティン、シャーロット・ブロンテと近代中国女性作家たち [論文要旨及び審査の要旨]

関西大

Effect of Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Physiology of Maize at Ambient and Low Temperature Regimes

The effect of four different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and lipid peroxidation, soluble sugar, proline contents, and antioxidant enzymes activities of Zea mays L. was studied in pot culture subjected to two temperature regimes. Maize plants were grown in pots filled with a mixture of sandy and black soil for 5 weeks, and then half of the plants were exposed to low temperature for 1 week while the rest of the plants were grown under ambient temperature and severed as control. Different AMF resulted in different root colonization and low temperature significantly decreased AM colonization. Low temperature remarkably decreased plant height and total dry weight but increased root dry weight and root-shoot ratio. The AM plants had higher proline content compared with the non-AM plants. The maize plants inoculated with Glomus etunicatum and G. intraradices had higher malondialdehyde and soluble sugar contents under low temperature condition. The activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase of AM inoculated maize were higher than those of non-AM ones. Low temperature noticeably decreased the activities of CAT. The results suggest that low temperature adversely affects maize physiology and AM symbiosis can improve maize seedlings tolerance to low temperature stress

Response of Soil Fungal Community Structure to Long-Term Continuous Soybean Cropping

Long-term continuous soybean cropping can lead to the aggravation of soil fungal disease. However, the manner in which the fungal community and functional groups of fungi are affected by continuous soybean cropping remains unclear. We investigated the fungal abundance, composition and diversity during soybean rotation (RS), 2-year (SS) and long-term (CS) continuous soybean cropping systems using quantitative real-time PCR and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the fungal abundance was significantly higher in CS than in SS and RS. CS altered the fungal composition. Compared with RS, SS had an increase of 29 and a decrease of 12 genera in fungal relative abundance, and CS increased 38 and decreased 17 genera. The Shannon index was significantly higher in CS and SS than in RS. The result of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that CS and SS grouped together and were clearly separated from RS on the PCoA1. A total of 32 features accounted for the differences in fungal composition across RS, SS, and CS. The relative abundance of 10 potentially pathogenic and 10 potentially beneficial fungi changed, and most of their relative abundances dramatically increased in SS and CS compared with RS. Our study indicated that CS results in selective stress on pathogenic and beneficial fungi and causes the development of the fungal community structure that is antagonistic to plant health

Association Between the Methylation Statuses at CpG Sites in the Promoter Region of the SLCO1B3, RNA Expression and Color Change in Blue Eggshells in Lushi Chickens

The formation mechanism underlying the blue eggshell characteristic has been discovered in birds, and SLCO1B3 is the key gene that regulates the blue eggshell color. Insertion of an endogenous retrovirus, EAV-HP, in the SLCO1B3 5′ flanking region promotes SLCO1B3 expression in the chicken shell gland, and this expression causes bile salts to enter the shell gland, where biliverdin is secreted into the eggshell, forming a blue shell. However, at different laying stages of the same group of chickens, the color of the eggshell can vary widely, and the molecular mechanism underlying the eggshell color change remains unknown. Therefore, to reveal the molecular mechanism of the blue eggshell color variations, we analyzed the change in the eggshell color during the laying period. The results indicated that the eggshell color in Lushi chickens can be divided into three stages: 20–25 weeks for dark blue, 26–45 weeks for medium blue, and 46–60 weeks for light blue. We further investigated the expression and methylation levels of the SLCO1B3 gene at eight different weeks, finding that the relative expression of SLCO1B3 was significantly higher at 25 and 30 weeks than at other laying weeks. Furthermore, the overall methylation rate of the SLCO1B3 gene in Lushi chickens increased gradually with increasing weeks of egg production, as shown by bisulfite sequencing PCR. Pearson correlation analysis showed that methylation of the promoter region of SLCO1B3 was significantly negatively correlated with both SLCO1B3 expression in the shell gland tissue and eggshell color. In addition, we predicted that CpG5 and CpG8 may be key sites for regulating SLCO1B3 gene transcription. Our findings show that as the level of methylation increases, methylation of the CpG5 and CpG8 sites hinders the binding of transcription factors to the promoter, reducing SLCO1B3 expression during the late period and resulting in a lighter eggshell color

Corrigendum to: The TianQin project: current progress on science and technology

In the originally published version, this manuscript included an error related to indicating the corresponding author within the author list. This has now been corrected online to reflect the fact that author Jun Luo is the corresponding author of the article